Questions tagged [radare2]
Opensource reverse engineering framework to disassemble, debug, analyze, manipulate binary files and more.
4
votes
0answers
31 views
Radare2 Call $+5 and register-based cross-references not found
I have a library of ~65MB which uses this "technique" as a kind of PIC.
First, it gets some kind of base address (it is always the same):
0x00708497 e800000000 call 0x70849c
0x0070849c ...
5
votes
2answers
53 views
Understanding branch delay slots for reversing MIPS
I am statically reversing some software compiled for an Atheros AR7161 using radare2. This processor implements MIPS, and I do recall that MIPS has a branch delay slot. This is indeed noticeable in ...
2
votes
1answer
35 views
Radare2 webui - need help setting it up
How can you set up Radare2 webui in Kali or Ubuntu or any other OS? I've tried so many different methods but none of them have worked so far. I think both of them are debian based so that might be ...
1
vote
2answers
55 views
What is a “trit”?
With Radare when I do ?, I get a list of answers in the result,
[0x00400a04]> ? -0x120 + 0x110
hex 0xfffffffffffffff0
octal 01777777777777777777760
unit 17179869184.0G
segment fffff000:...
2
votes
1answer
56 views
How can you get the symbol visibility with radare?
I created a quick x86_64 Assembly file with NASM to generate the four different visibility classes for ELF 64. With readelf --symbols I get the Symbol Visibility in the Vis column: DEFAULT, INTERNAL, ...
1
vote
1answer
40 views
Working with 16bit offsets and segments in Radare2
I have a simple DOS COM program which I want to analyse using Radare2:
USE16
ORG 100h
mov ax, cs
dec ax
mov ds, ax
mov dx, message+10h
mov ah, 9
int 21h
ret
message: db "Hello ...
1
vote
1answer
41 views
Addresses displayed in radare2
I am disassembling a binary with radare2 and I see some lines like this:
| 0x004007f1 488b05981820. mov rax, qword [0x00602090] ; 0x602090:8]=0x400c60
I do not understand, what are the addresses ...
0
votes
1answer
79 views
Symbolic simplifications in radare2
Let's have a look to this assembly code in radare2:
xxxxxxx mov rax,rbx
xxxxxxx add rax,rax
xxxxxxx add rax,rbx
xxxxxxx shl rax,2
yyyyyyy nop
Is there a way to ask radare2 to evaluate rax value ...
1
vote
1answer
66 views
Disassemble all functions with radare2
The pdf command is able to disassemble a function in radare2. Is there a way to disassemble all functions of a binary in a single radare2 command ?
1
vote
2answers
43 views
Get function from memory address with radare2
Lets suppose I have a memory address. This address points to an instruction.
This instruction is inside a function.
Is there a way to ask radare2 to search the beginning of this function, given the ...
0
votes
1answer
72 views
What does “Missing cjmp bb in predecessor” mean?
In new builds of Radare, I'm getting
Missing cjmp bb in predecessor at 0x1006aa416
What does this mean? I filed a bug on this here. But, it was answered with
Thanks for reporting but this is a ...
4
votes
1answer
59 views
Heap Chunk Structure Does Not Contain Previous Section Info
I'm reading Shellcoder's Handbook to learn more about exploitation and overflows. I reached the chapter on Heap Overflows. The book mentions that a heap is split into chunks where each chunk contains ...
2
votes
1answer
35 views
Headers for `iz` and such in key=value format?
In this tutorial the authors iz has,
vaddr=0x08048700 paddr=0x00000700 ordinal=000 sz=21 len=20 section=.rodata type=ascii string=\n .:: Megabeets ::.
Etc, However, my iz shows only,
000 0x00000a44 ...
1
vote
1answer
36 views
radare2 labels are not displayed in jmp instructions
Let's take an example of a 64 bits elf executable disassembled with pdf command in radare2:
...
0x00400ac0 0f859c000000 jne 0x400b62
...
0x00400b62 90 nop
...
I want to put a ...
1
vote
1answer
142 views
How to find a memory address of variable? [Radare2]
This question seems so basic but I have spent 5+ hours trying to figure it out. I have written a program in C++ that defines a few variables and does some other stuff. What I want to do is be able to ...
1
vote
0answers
27 views
Cannot open '/proc/…/maps': No such file or directory in radare2 debug mode
When I try to load a program to radare2 debug mode, most of the time I get the following error:
$sudo r2 -d a.out
Hello world!= attach 2851 2851
Cannot open '/proc/2851/maps': No such file or ...
1
vote
0answers
45 views
Can Radare2 emulate null pointer exceptions and others?
I'm wondering if anyone has had any luck with Radare2's configuration variables, esil.exectrap, esil.iotrap, and esil.nonull while emulating?
xor eax, eax
mov eax, dword [eax] <-
From what I can ...
2
votes
1answer
139 views
grep -E with Radare2
With Radare2, I love the iI command.
I want to limit the output with grep or radare's own grep syntax.
How do I run a iI | grep -E 'bits | pic | stripped' against my binary?
[0x100001200]> iI
...
0
votes
1answer
55 views
Radare2 - How to scale panel height in visual panels mode?
Visual Panels Mode (V!):
I need more space (height) for RegisterRefs and less for Registers (its 50% blank anyway). How can i do that? I can move the vertical split with H and L but i couldn't find ...
2
votes
0answers
43 views
Radare2 - How to save/restore metadata in debug session (BPs, flag, comments..)?
How can i save/reuse/preserve Radare2 metadata (BPs, comments, flags..) of a debug session for a new debug session? I restart the debugger alot and preserving environment would be very helpful.
I ...
3
votes
1answer
137 views
Radare2 debugging - How to get into lazy imported functions?
I have a linux binary that imports functions from an external library (shared object). The functions are lazy loaded and not available when rip is at @main or @entry. When i step into such a function (...
1
vote
0answers
100 views
radare2 not showing function names
I'm using radare2 and I've noticed that it simply prints function offsets rather than function names.
I've done some tests and I've discovered that on Kali it prints offsets and on debian it prints ...
0
votes
1answer
91 views
ELF binary corrupted after adding instruction in non-executable section
I've been messing around a little with Radare2 trying to master binary exploitation and patching.
I added a couple of assembly instructions to an x86 elf binary in a non-executable section of the file,...
2
votes
2answers
125 views
How do I find all references to an address with a memory segment?
If I want to find all references to fs:[0x28] how would I go about doing it with radare2? For example,
0x000006b5 64488b042528. mov rax, qword fs:[0x28] ; [0x28:8]=0x1978 ; '(' ; "x\x19"
I ...
2
votes
0answers
97 views
Radare2 - Insert asm instructions without overwriting
In order to patch a x86 elf file on Linux, I'm struggling to insert a specific assembler instruction into the binary file without overwriting any of the preexisting instructions.
I've been reading ...
5
votes
1answer
426 views
Import symbols containing strange characters
I am analyzing a macOS app with radare2, and the app depends on a number of Qt frameworks. When I printed out the import symbols of the app's main executable, the names of the frameworks' functions ...
0
votes
0answers
37 views
Radare -Q leaking, and does it even matter?
As a follow up to a self-answered question where I discovered -q and -Q
Radare -Q is documented as,
-Q quiet mode (no prompt) and quit faster (quickLeak=true)
man radare2 shows,
-Q Same as -q, ...
1
vote
1answer
27 views
Radare -c but exit afterward
I'm using Radare to print out some information on blobs, essentially I'm running
radare2 -c "pf ... " ./myblob.bin
I would like radare to edit after it runs that -c.
2
votes
1answer
65 views
How do you print fixed width strings with radare's print format `pf`?
Let's say I have a byte sequence where U is an unsigned int (4 bytes), and ccccccccccccccc is a 15 byte character array
UcccccccccccccccU
Is it possible to print this structure using pf? I can print ...
6
votes
1answer
306 views
What is the info displayed by radare2's afl?
I can't figure out what afl actually outputs. The docs are surprisingly uninformative.
So, I've got address on the first column and symbol on the last. What is on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th columns?
...
4
votes
1answer
70 views
How do I find out what section variables and strings are defined in?
Given a simple program like this,
void main (int argc, char * argv[] ) {
char * arr[] = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
*(arr[0]) = 'F';
printf( "%s", arr[0] );
}
How do I find out what section ...
10
votes
1answer
278 views
How to write [sp+local_variable] in radare2
Hello I'm playing with my native android library, everything was going smoothly till now. I have problem with opcodes, i don't know how to tell radare2 to write str opcode with specifc registry, and ...
5
votes
1answer
191 views
Viewing Radare keybindings (Function hotkeys)?
Is there a way to view the keybinidngs inside of Radare? Such that I can see which function keys do things like Step Over and Step Into in Debug mode?
e~key doesn't list any of the debug keys,
key.S ...
4
votes
1answer
151 views
Is there a way to explicitly connect r2pipe to an existing radare2 session that I have open?
I understand that I can execute my script within a session using [0x401000]> . server.py and the pipe will be connected to it when I call r2pipe.open() with no arguments.
Ideally I would like to ...
0
votes
0answers
58 views
Rarun2 Multiple Input Executable
After further analysis of a binary, ran into a separate issue debugging. Have an r2pipe script successfully providing 1 input (more about r2pipe in this solved question: r2pipe won't prompt for ...
1
vote
1answer
204 views
r2pipe won't prompt for user input like the binary does in r2 debugger mode
Have a functioning r2pipe script, but there's a need for hitting crtl-c to continue near the breakpoint(not a major issue,) however the script does not pause for input when the crackme asks for user ...
5
votes
1answer
355 views
Why do many imported functions jump to addresses that do not contain instructions?
I am learning to analyze binaries using radare2 and have been confused about what occurs within imported functions. In the binary below, titled Lab2B, I statically disassembled the binary and then ...
0
votes
1answer
236 views
Reverse mips binary with radare2
when I try to reverse my mips binary in radare2, I take some instruction invalid.
sudo r2 -a mips -b 32 -d 2700
start my binary:
sudo chroot . ./qemu-mips-static bin/resident
Sorry for this ...
0
votes
1answer
199 views
Radare2 cannot debug on windows 7
I downloaded radare 2.5 for windows. I am trying to debug a binary on windows with radare and have tried the following:
radare2 -d a.exe
fork_and_ptraceme/CreateProcess: The request is not supported.
...
7
votes
2answers
365 views
Radare2 Find command line arguments and location in stack
This might have a simple solution but I can't find it anywhere.
$> ./be1 11 AAAAA
With gdb, finding argv[] and argc is simple:
(gdb) print argv[0]@argc
$7 = {0xbffff872 "be1", 0xbffff89a "11", ...
1
vote
2answers
265 views
What does XREF mean?
I have been learning about the x86 assembly language by analyzing a binary using radare2 that is stored on a Intel 80386 machine. When I have been analyzing functions on the binary, I noticed that "...
1
vote
1answer
193 views
How to list breakpoints in radare2?
in gdb to list active breakpoints is info b how to do the same in radare2? is there any similar command in radare2 or something else?
4
votes
1answer
148 views
Radare2- How to see stdout in Visual Mode
I'm new to radare2 and reverse engineering, and I can't see to see to figure out how to display any standard write in display mode.
For example if I run 'dc' command it runs the program normally and ...
-1
votes
1answer
83 views
RFLAGS info and Radare?
Stepping through instructions I can see the result of rflags change,
rflags C1PSI
rflags 1PZI
Is there anything that expands this into the appropriate flags. I know Z is Zero-flag, and P is Parity, ...
4
votes
1answer
112 views
rasm2 giving different output each time for x64
Disassembling is great but when trying to re-assemble to opcode it gives different results each time. Example:
C:\>rasm2 -a x86 -b 64 -d "48898D80FEFFFF"
mov qword [rbp - 0x180], rcx
C:\>...
1
vote
2answers
106 views
Printing bytecode in bytes given a string of assembly?
Megabeets determined in this answer that depending on asm.bits Radare may show either
lea edx, [0x80490c8] (asm.bits=32)
lea edx, [rip + 0x80490c8] (asm.bits=64)
If I want to see what the ...
3
votes
2answers
1k views
Disassembly shows `LEA` with RIP?
When I disassemble this instruction using pad on Radare I get an LEA with rip
[0x00000000]> pad 8d 15 c8 90 04 08
lea edx, [rip + 0x80490c8]
I got this instruction from this post here I'm ...
2
votes
2answers
117 views
Can I provide bytes to Radare to be disassembled?
Let's say I want to check this guys work. He says that he is getting
8d 15 c8 90 04 08 lea 0x80490c8,%edx
ba c8 90 04 08 mov $0x80490c8,%edx
Is there an easy way with Radare to ...
1
vote
1answer
206 views
How does r2dec compare to pdc?
Radare has a command pdc
pdc pseudo disassembler output in C-like syntax
I'm curious to know how the plugin r2dec-js compares to pdc it seems like they do the same thing.
0
votes
0answers
23 views
Try to pass an argument a no printable characters in debug mode on radare2
I have a program and I like to know if the assigment of a value is correct, but when I try to run in debug mode and with an argument it sends this error:
$ r2 -d ./col "`python -c "print '\x41'*16+'\...
