I'm trying to reverse engineer 3D models (cars) from a racing game from 1997 (Test Drive 4). I'm able to extract the 3D mesh and textures, but cannot figure out how UV mapping works yet.
There is only one file per car which contains everything (3D model, textures, dashboard, tuning, etc.). The 3D model section contains a vertices list and polygons list. A single polygon looks as follows:
Triangle
{
ulong beg = 0xffff0000
ushort texture // 0 = car bottom, 3 = body
ubyte[6] unknown // UV mapping???
ulong[3] vertices // Indices
ulong end = 0x00000000
}
I found that the 6-byte unknown
section contains UV data, since there is a clear difference ingame when I modify these values. It is 6 bytes long so it can hold a U & V value for each of the 3 vertices. However, I have absolutely no idea how to interpret these numbers. I've tried reading them as bytes and dividing by 255 to convert them to floats ranging from 0 to 1, without success. Are they possibly 8-bit floats? (I don't understand how these work, so can't be sure.)
Below is a hex dump of 80 polygons (one per line).
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7B 7B 7D AD BE AD 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7B 7D 7D BE BE AD 01 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 3E 1C 3E BE BE C9 04 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 1C 3E BE CB C9 05 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7B 7B 7D AD BE AD 08 00 00 00 09 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7B 7D 7D BE BE AD 09 00 00 00 0B 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 09 09 02 AC 9E AC 0C 00 00 00 0D 00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 09 00 02 9E 9E AC 0D 00 00 00 0F 00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 A0 A7 A0 1D 1D 00 10 00 00 00 11 00 00 00 12 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 A7 A7 A0 1D 00 00 11 00 00 00 13 00 00 00 12 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 45 45 67 3F 48 3F 14 00 00 00 15 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 44 44 46 5B 5B 48 16 00 00 00 17 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 44 47 46 5B 49 48 17 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 92 97 98 1D 1D 1A 1A 00 00 00 17 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 00 19 19 7B 7E 60 1B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 46 44 29 47 5B 4A 19 00 00 00 17 00 00 00 1D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 44 2B 29 5B 5C 4A 17 00 00 00 1A 00 00 00 1D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 98 97 92 03 00 00 1E 00 00 00 1F 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 3E 3E 2D BE BB BE 14 00 00 00 1B 00 00 00 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 3E 2D 2D BB BC BE 1B 00 00 00 22 00 00 00 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 2D 1C 90 81 90 23 00 00 00 24 00 00 00 25 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 1C 1C 81 81 90 24 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 25 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 2D 18 BE BC BE 21 00 00 00 22 00 00 00 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 18 18 BC BB BE 22 00 00 00 28 00 00 00 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 1C 09 90 81 90 25 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 29 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 12 09 81 82 90 26 00 00 00 2A 00 00 00 29 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 92 92 91 07 00 00 2B 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 2C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 18 18 11 BD BB BD 27 00 00 00 28 00 00 00 2D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 18 11 11 BB BB BD 28 00 00 00 2E 00 00 00 2D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 03 0B 0C 86 8E 7F 2F 00 00 00 29 00 00 00 30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 0B 13 0C 8E 81 7F 29 00 00 00 2A 00 00 00 30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 0D 0C 00 4D 57 57 31 00 00 00 32 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 83 81 87 03 07 01 34 00 00 00 35 00 00 00 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 81 87 87 07 07 01 35 00 00 00 37 00 00 00 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5D 5E 3F BD AD BD 38 00 00 00 39 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5E 3F 3F AD AD BD 39 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7C 5E 7C AD AD BD 3A 00 00 00 39 00 00 00 3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5E 5D 7C AD BD BD 39 00 00 00 38 00 00 00 3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 AA AA AB 16 1D 1E 3C 00 00 00 3D 00 00 00 3E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 BC BA B5 06 01 08 3F 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 BA B5 B5 01 00 08 40 00 00 00 42 00 00 00 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5D 5D 43 0C 1B 0C 43 00 00 00 44 00 00 00 45 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5D 48 43 1B 1B 0C 44 00 00 00 46 00 00 00 45 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7B 59 7B BF BF C9 3B 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 3A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 59 5A 7B BF C9 C9 05 00 00 00 47 00 00 00 3A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 00 00 1C DC F7 CB 48 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 00 1C 1C F7 F3 CB 40 00 00 00 3F 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5F 3F 1C F2 EB F2 49 00 00 00 4A 00 00 00 3F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7D 7D 60 DC C3 CE 43 00 00 00 4B 00 00 00 4C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7D 5F 60 C3 BE CE 4B 00 00 00 4D 00 00 00 4C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 04 0C 0B B7 BE AF 4E 00 00 00 2D 00 00 00 0C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 0C 13 0B BE BC AF 2D 00 00 00 2E 00 00 00 0C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7D 62 73 00 00 13 2F 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 4F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 62 5F 73 00 13 13 33 00 00 00 50 00 00 00 4F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 73 5E 73 1F 1F 2B 0F 00 00 00 51 00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5E 5F 73 1F 2B 2B 51 00 00 00 35 00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5E 5D 3F AD BD AD 52 00 00 00 53 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5D 3F 3F BD BD AD 53 00 00 00 09 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 A7 AA AA 1D 1D 16 11 00 00 00 3D 00 00 00 3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 B5 B5 B4 08 00 00 41 00 00 00 42 00 00 00 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 43 48 5D 0C 1B 0C 54 00 00 00 42 00 00 00 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 48 5D 5D 1B 1B 0C 42 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 7C 5D 7C BD BD AD 4B 00 00 00 53 00 00 00 55 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 5D 5E 7C BD AD AD 53 00 00 00 52 00 00 00 55 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 19 18 2D 7F 82 7F 56 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 57 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 18 2D 2D 82 82 7F 26 00 00 00 24 00 00 00 57 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 10 12 19 7F 82 7F 30 00 00 00 2A 00 00 00 56 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 12 18 19 82 82 7F 2A 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 56 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 00 00 87 87 87 16 1C 1C 58 00 00 00 32 00 00 00 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 06 07 1E 32 0B 3B 59 00 00 00 5A 00 00 00 5B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 07 1E 1E 0B 04 3B 5A 00 00 00 1C 00 00 00 5B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 1C 2D AC BB AC 5C 00 00 00 28 00 00 00 5D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 2D 2D BB BC AC 28 00 00 00 22 00 00 00 5D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 09 12 1C AC BB AC 0C 00 00 00 2E 00 00 00 5C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 12 1C 1C BB BB AC 2E 00 00 00 28 00 00 00 5C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 1C 09 9E 90 9E 5E 00 00 00 25 00 00 00 0D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 1C 09 09 90 90 9E 25 00 00 00 29 00 00 00 0D 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 2D 1C 9E 90 9E 5F 00 00 00 23 00 00 00 5E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 2D 1C 1C 90 90 9E 23 00 00 00 25 00 00 00 5E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
FF FF 00 00 03 00 3D 2D 2D 90 90 9E 59 00 00 00 23 00 00 00 5F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
I can post the full file structure if this is required. Thanks in advance!
Edit:
Vertex3D
{
float x, y, z
}
Vector3D
{
float x, y, z
}
Vertex
{
Vertex3D vertex
Vector3D normal // Sum = 1.0
ulong unknown
ubyte[12] padding = 0
}
Triangle
{
ulong beg = 0xffff0000
ushort texture // 0 = car bottom, 3 = body
ubyte[6] unknown // UV mapping???
ulong[3] vertices // Indices
ulong end = 0x00000000
}
Model3D
{
char[8] identifier = "PCMODL01"
ulong unknown = 0x00000000
ulong offset1 = 44 // Vertices start offset
ulong offset2 // Polygons start offset
ubyte[16] stuff
ulong n_polygons
ulong n_vertices
Vertex[n_vertices] vertices
Triangle[n_polygons] polygons
}
Main
{
// Header
ulong n_blocks = 7
ulong offset1 = 60
ulong length1 // Model
ulong offset2
ulong length2 // Dash lo res (320x80) RGB565
ulong offset3
ulong length3 // Dash hi res (640x160) RGB565
ulong offset4
ulong length4 // Steering wheel (256x256) RGB565
ulong offset5
ulong length5 // Car textures (128x256) RGB565
ulong offset6
ulong length6 // Tuning
ulong offset7
ulong length7 // Menu picture (400x400) Indexed color
// offset1 onwards
Model3D model
// offset2 onwards
blob[25600] dash_lo
// offset3 onwards
blob[102400] dash_hi
// offset4 onwards
blob[65536] steer_whl
// offset5 onwards
blob[32768] textures
// offset6 onwards
blob[300] tuning
// offset7 onwards
ubyte[12] unknown1
ubyte menu_position
char[3] basename // CAM, JAG, VET, etc.
ulong padding = 0x00000000
ulong unknown2
blob[160000][5] menu_screens // 5 images, one per language
}
unknown[0]
andunknown[3]
belong to vertex 1,unknown[1]
andunknown[4]
belong to vertex 2 andunknown[2]
andunknown[5]
belong to vertex 32/3
?